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Index
Copyright, Terms & Conditions
Updates and additions
Contributors
FAQ & Instructions
Abbreviations
Initial Management
Trauma Reception & Resuscitation
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Trauma Reception & Resuscitation
Initial Assessment (Primary Survey)
Secondary Survey
Definitive Care
The Trauma Team
Trauma team activation
Location/environment
Equipment
Patient arrival & handover
Trauma Team Member Checklists
Team Leader Pre-Arrival
Team Leader On-Arrival
Airway Doctor
Assessment Doctor
Procedure Doctor
Surgical/Trauma Registrar
Nursing
Scribe
References
FOAMed Resources
Airway Management
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Airway assessment
Difficult Airway Assessment
Airway Strategies
Airway strategies
Human factors and team management
Basic Airway Management
Advanced Airway Management
Drugs
Pre-oxygenation
Apnoeic oxygenation
Rapid Sequence Intubation
Supraglottic airways
Surgical airway
Vortex Approach to difficult airway
Post-intubation care
Controversies & Pearls
References
FOAMed Resources
Breathing: Thoracic Trauma
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Anatomy
Diagnosis & Management
Life Threats
Other thoracic injuries
Resuscitative thoracotomy
References
FOAMed Resources
Circulation: Shock & Haemorrhage
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Types of shock
Haemorrhagic shock
Obstructive shock
Cardiogenic shock
Neurogenic shock
Assessment of shock
Clinical evaluation
Surrogate markers
Investigations
Management of shock
Haemorrhage control
Acute traumatic coagulopathy
Damage control principles
Massive transfusion
Adjuncts to haemostatic resuscitation
Controversies
Damage control resuscitation & traumatic brain injury (TBI)
Vascular access
Traumatic cardiac arrest
Trauma due to medical cardiac arrest
Commotio cordis
Management Priorities in traumatic cardiac arrest
Damage control surgery
Abdominal damage control
Thoracic damage control
Neurosurgical damage control
Pearls
Pitfalls
References
FOAMed Resources
Mechanism of Injury
Motor vehicle accidents
Motorcycle accidents
Cyclist injuries
Falls
Regions of Injury
Traumatic brain injury
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Definition
Pathophsyiology
Classification
Minor head injury
Neurological assessment
Management of severe traumatic brain injury
Intracranial pressure management
Supportive care
Future directions
Pitfalls
References
FOAMed Resources
Facial Trauma
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Resuscitation
Facial Fractures
Base of skull fractures
Soft tissue injury
References
FOAMed Resources
Neck Trauma
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Vital structures in the neck
Blunt neck injury
Spinal Trauma
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Clinical anatomy of the spine
Mechanisms of injury
Specific injuries by region
Spinal cord injury
Assessment & Management of Spinal trauma
Supportive Care
Imaging of the spine
Cervical spine clearance
Thoracolumbar spine clearance
References
FOAMed Resources
Abdominal Trauma
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Abdominal anatomy
Mechanisms of injury
Assessment of abdominal trauma
Resuscitation & Ongoing management
Investigations
Definitive Management
References
FOAMed Resources
Pelvic Trauma
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Pelvic Fracture Classification
Mechanisms of injury
Haemodynamic Instability
Assessment of pelvic trauma
Investigations
Resuscitation & definitive management
Pearls & Pitfalls
References
FOAMed Resources
Extremity Trauma
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Assessment
Management principles
Neurovascular injuries
Open wounds
Fractures
Major dislocations
Compartment syndrome
Fat embolism syndrome
Crush syndrome
Mangled extremity
Damage control Orthopaedics
Pitfalls
References
FOAMed Resources
Dental Trauma
Learning Objectives
Introduction
References
FOAMed Resources
ED Considerations
ED Considerations
Learning Objectives
Department Management
Medico-legal issues
Introduction
Victims of crime
Injury description
Road traffic accidents
Police presence in the ED
Paediatric non-accidental injury
Restraint of violent patients
References
Resus Room Management
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Crew Resource Management
Error detection and management
Flash & dynamic teams
Dynamic & flash team training
Team leadership
Role allocation
Shared mental models
Closed loop communication
Other elements of team training
References
Inter & Intrahospital transfers
Inter-hospital transfers
Intra-hospital transfers
Introduction
Getting from A to B
Patient preparation
Equipment preparation
Worst case scenario
Transport team management
A clinical case
Summary
References
Special Situations
Major Burns
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Classification of burns
Inhalation injury
Initial assessment & resuscitation
Escharotomy
Supportive care
Disposition
Burn chart
References
FOAMed Resources
Gunshot Injury
Learning Objectives
Physics & ballistics
Initial assessment & management
References
Paediatric Trauma
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Mechanisms of injury
Injury patterns
Anatomical and Physiological differences
Initial assessment
Initial Resuscitation
Secondary Survey
Head injury
Cervical Spine X-rays
Chest Injury
Abdominal injury
Extremity injury
Non-accidental injury
Supportive care
Pearls & Pitfalls
References
FOAMed Resources
Trauma in Pregnancy
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Anatomical & Physiological changes
Initial assessment & management
Investigations
Complications
Peri-mortem C-Section
Pitfalls
References
FOAMed Resources
Trauma in the Elderly
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Co-morbidities in the elderly patient
Mechanisms of injury
Anatomical & Physiological considerations
Disposition
Pitfalls
References
FOAMed Resources
Trauma in the Obese
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Anatomical & Physiological considerations
Other management issues
References
FOAMed Resources
Rural & Remote Trauma
Learning Objectives
Introduction
References
FOAMed Resources
Trauma Radiology
Trauma Ultrasound
Learning Objectives
Introduction
EFAST Exam
Right upper quadrant/Morrison’s Pouch
Left Upper Quadrant/spleno-renal recess
Cardiac view
Pelvic view
Lung view
Advanced topics in trauma ultrasound
References
Radiology in Trauma
Learning Objectives
Introduction
References
FOAMed Resources
Trauma Procedures
Cricothyroidotomy
Tube Thoracostomy
Resuscitative Thoracotomy
Rapid Infuser Insertion
Intraosseous line
Pelvic Binder
Donway splint
Cervical Collar Application
Appendix
Trauma Scores
Introduction
Anatomical scores
Physiological scores
Combined scores
References
FOAMed Resources
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Initial Management
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Index
Copyright, Terms & Conditions
Updates and additions
Contributors
FAQ & Instructions
Abbreviations
Initial Management
Trauma Reception & Resuscitation
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Trauma Reception & Resuscitation
Initial Assessment (Primary Survey)
Secondary Survey
Definitive Care
The Trauma Team
Trauma team activation
Location/environment
Equipment
Patient arrival & handover
Trauma Team Member Checklists
Team Leader Pre-Arrival
Team Leader On-Arrival
Airway Doctor
Assessment Doctor
Procedure Doctor
Surgical/Trauma Registrar
Nursing
Scribe
References
FOAMed Resources
Airway Management
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Airway assessment
Difficult Airway Assessment
Airway Strategies
Airway strategies
Human factors and team management
Basic Airway Management
Advanced Airway Management
Drugs
Pre-oxygenation
Apnoeic oxygenation
Rapid Sequence Intubation
Supraglottic airways
Surgical airway
Vortex Approach to difficult airway
Post-intubation care
Controversies & Pearls
References
FOAMed Resources
Breathing: Thoracic Trauma
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Anatomy
Diagnosis & Management
Life Threats
Other thoracic injuries
Resuscitative thoracotomy
References
FOAMed Resources
Circulation: Shock & Haemorrhage
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Types of shock
Haemorrhagic shock
Obstructive shock
Cardiogenic shock
Neurogenic shock
Assessment of shock
Clinical evaluation
Surrogate markers
Investigations
Management of shock
Haemorrhage control
Acute traumatic coagulopathy
Damage control principles
Massive transfusion
Adjuncts to haemostatic resuscitation
Controversies
Damage control resuscitation & traumatic brain injury (TBI)
Vascular access
Traumatic cardiac arrest
Trauma due to medical cardiac arrest
Commotio cordis
Management Priorities in traumatic cardiac arrest
Damage control surgery
Abdominal damage control
Thoracic damage control
Neurosurgical damage control
Pearls
Pitfalls
References
FOAMed Resources
Mechanism of Injury
Motor vehicle accidents
Motorcycle accidents
Cyclist injuries
Falls
Regions of Injury
Traumatic brain injury
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Definition
Pathophsyiology
Classification
Minor head injury
Neurological assessment
Management of severe traumatic brain injury
Intracranial pressure management
Supportive care
Future directions
Pitfalls
References
FOAMed Resources
Facial Trauma
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Resuscitation
Facial Fractures
Base of skull fractures
Soft tissue injury
References
FOAMed Resources
Neck Trauma
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Vital structures in the neck
Blunt neck injury
Spinal Trauma
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Clinical anatomy of the spine
Mechanisms of injury
Specific injuries by region
Spinal cord injury
Assessment & Management of Spinal trauma
Supportive Care
Imaging of the spine
Cervical spine clearance
Thoracolumbar spine clearance
References
FOAMed Resources
Abdominal Trauma
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Abdominal anatomy
Mechanisms of injury
Assessment of abdominal trauma
Resuscitation & Ongoing management
Investigations
Definitive Management
References
FOAMed Resources
Pelvic Trauma
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Pelvic Fracture Classification
Mechanisms of injury
Haemodynamic Instability
Assessment of pelvic trauma
Investigations
Resuscitation & definitive management
Pearls & Pitfalls
References
FOAMed Resources
Extremity Trauma
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Assessment
Management principles
Neurovascular injuries
Open wounds
Fractures
Major dislocations
Compartment syndrome
Fat embolism syndrome
Crush syndrome
Mangled extremity
Damage control Orthopaedics
Pitfalls
References
FOAMed Resources
Dental Trauma
Learning Objectives
Introduction
References
FOAMed Resources
ED Considerations
ED Considerations
Learning Objectives
Department Management
Medico-legal issues
Introduction
Victims of crime
Injury description
Road traffic accidents
Police presence in the ED
Paediatric non-accidental injury
Restraint of violent patients
References
Resus Room Management
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Crew Resource Management
Error detection and management
Flash & dynamic teams
Dynamic & flash team training
Team leadership
Role allocation
Shared mental models
Closed loop communication
Other elements of team training
References
Inter & Intrahospital transfers
Inter-hospital transfers
Intra-hospital transfers
Introduction
Getting from A to B
Patient preparation
Equipment preparation
Worst case scenario
Transport team management
A clinical case
Summary
References
Special Situations
Major Burns
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Classification of burns
Inhalation injury
Initial assessment & resuscitation
Escharotomy
Supportive care
Disposition
Burn chart
References
FOAMed Resources
Gunshot Injury
Learning Objectives
Physics & ballistics
Initial assessment & management
References
Paediatric Trauma
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Mechanisms of injury
Injury patterns
Anatomical and Physiological differences
Initial assessment
Initial Resuscitation
Secondary Survey
Head injury
Cervical Spine X-rays
Chest Injury
Abdominal injury
Extremity injury
Non-accidental injury
Supportive care
Pearls & Pitfalls
References
FOAMed Resources
Trauma in Pregnancy
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Anatomical & Physiological changes
Initial assessment & management
Investigations
Complications
Peri-mortem C-Section
Pitfalls
References
FOAMed Resources
Trauma in the Elderly
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Co-morbidities in the elderly patient
Mechanisms of injury
Anatomical & Physiological considerations
Disposition
Pitfalls
References
FOAMed Resources
Trauma in the Obese
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Anatomical & Physiological considerations
Other management issues
References
FOAMed Resources
Rural & Remote Trauma
Learning Objectives
Introduction
References
FOAMed Resources
Trauma Radiology
Trauma Ultrasound
Learning Objectives
Introduction
EFAST Exam
Right upper quadrant/Morrison’s Pouch
Left Upper Quadrant/spleno-renal recess
Cardiac view
Pelvic view
Lung view
Advanced topics in trauma ultrasound
References
Radiology in Trauma
Learning Objectives
Introduction
References
FOAMed Resources
Trauma Procedures
Cricothyroidotomy
Tube Thoracostomy
Resuscitative Thoracotomy
Rapid Infuser Insertion
Intraosseous line
Pelvic Binder
Donway splint
Cervical Collar Application
Appendix
Trauma Scores
Introduction
Anatomical scores
Physiological scores
Combined scores
References
FOAMed Resources
